(A Collaborative Project of the Institute for 21st Century Agoras) "The Talking Point is all about how people learn within groups. People can be much smarter than crowds if you measure “smart” as decision-making speed. Crowds can be much wiser than... Read more>>

Jennifer R. Henretty, Heidi M. Levitt Over 90% of therapists self-disclose to clients (Mathews, 1989; Pope, Tabachnick, & Keith-Spiegel, 1987; Edwards & Murdock, 1994), however, the implications of therapist self-disclosure are unclear, with highly... Read more>>

Jorge F. del Valle, Amaia Bravo, Mónica López The authors carried out an assessment of social support networks with a sample of 884 Spanish adolescents aged 12 to 17. The main goal was to analyze the development of the figures of parents and peers as... Read more>>

Peter Suedfeld, Rajiv Jhangiani Using integrative complexity scoring, the current study addresses how communications by leaders of India and Pakistan have revealed their information processing and decision-making strategies. The hostility between India... Read more>>

Joan Y. Chiao , Tokiko Harada , Hidetsugu Komeda , Zhang Li , Yoko Mano , Daisuke Saito , Todd B. Parrish , Norihiro Sadato and Tetsuya Iidaka People living in multicultural environments often encounter situations which require them to acquire different... Read more>>

Annabelle Lever This article shows that judicial review has a democratic justification, although it is not necessary for democratic government and its virtues are controversial and often speculative. Against critics like Waldron and Bellamy, it shows... Read more>>

Kristen Renwick Monroea, William Chiua, Adam Martina and Bridgette Portman We contribute to a greater understanding of political psychology by 1) collecting data in a more systematic way for the intellectual community, 2) sensitizing students to the extent... Read more>>

Jacob Hacker A review of The Measure of America: American Human Development Report, 2008-2009 , by Sarah Burd-Sharps, Kristen Lewis, and Eduardo Borges Martins. Reports from abroad on the American condition have a special place in the canon of social... Read more>>

By Daniel G. Campos I discuss the epistemic conditions for the possibility of mathematical discovery that are implied by Peirce’s logic of mathematical inquiry. Peirce describes the mathematician’s reasoning abilities as the powers of imagination, concentration... Read more>>

By Lori Gruen Val Plumwood urged us to attend to earth others in non-dualistic ways. In this essay I suggest that such attention be promoted through what I call "engaged empathy." Engaged empathy involves critical attention to the conditions... Read more>>

By Lauren Barlow Elie Wiesel's Souls on Fire , released in 1972, is a personal retelling of the lives and legends of the early Hasidic masters of Eastern Europe. The novel begins with the movement's founder, the Baal Shem, and chronicles the rise... Read more>>

By Hayrettín Yücesoy This article discusses the translation of ancient Greek, Indian, and Persian texts of philosophy and sciences into Arabic from the eighth through the tenth centuries c.e. In particular, it addresses the issue of how ancient sciences... Read more>>

Maximilien Chaumon , Denis Schwartz and Catherine Tallon-Baudry Oscillatory synchrony in the gamma band (30–120 Hz) has been involved in various cognitive functions including conscious perception and learning. Explicit memory encoding, in particular,... Read more>>

Miriam Matthews , Shana Levin , Jim Sidanius Using data from a longitudinal study of college students, this study assessed the relationships among the threat perceptions of realistic threat and intergroup anxiety, the ideological motives of system justification... Read more>>

Brian Steensland The "cultural turn" that swept across the social sciences a generation ago ushered in renewed attention to the cultural analysis of politics. Yet despite this growing area of research, there remains a lack of integration between... Read more>>

Seana Moran Purpose is an internal compass that integrates engagement in activities that affect others, self-awareness of one's reasons, and the intention to continue these activities. We argue that purpose represents giftedness in intrapersonal intelligence... Read more>>

Melissa J. Ferguson and Vivian Zayas Humans continuously evaluate aspects of their environment (people, objects, places) in an automatic fashion (i.e., unintentionally, rapidly). Such evaluations can be highly adaptive, triggering behavioral responses... Read more>>

Heidi M. Levitt, Woraporn Rattanasampan, Sean Suwichit, Caroline Stanley, Tamara Robinson This qualitative study provides an understanding of how and when individuals experience transformational change as a consequence of reading narratives. Six participants... Read more>>

Barbara Fawcett, Maurice Hanlon In Australia and the United Kingdom over the past two decades, the way human service professionals have been involved in ‘communities’, whether defined by ‘place’, ‘interest’ or ‘exclusion’, has varied with the political... Read more>>

Susana Batel and Paula Castro This paper discusses the potential of the notions of reification and consensualization as developed by the theory of social representations as analytical tools for addressing the communication between the lay and scientific... Read more>>

Colin Campbell The concept of agency, although central to many sociological debates, has remained frustratingly elusive to pin down. This article is an attempt to open up what has been called the "black box" of personal agency by distinguishing... Read more>>

Francois Collet In this article, I revisit Pierre Bourdieu's concept of habitus and contrast it with Herbert Simon's notion of bounded rationality. Through a discussion of the literature of economic sociology on status and Fligstein's political... Read more>>

Francesca Gino, Lisa L. Shu and Max H. Bazerman People often make judgments about the ethicality of others’ behaviors and then decide how harshly to punish such behaviors. When they make these judgments and decisions, sometimes the victims of the unethical... Read more>>

Leslie E. Anderson Parties can be a crucial to democratic function but not all parties or party systems are democratic. Some parties are fully competitive within a pluralist system while others, notably hegemonic parties, are antithetical to democracy... Read more>>

Patricia Mooney Nickel Painting in fin-de-siècle Vienna, like public intellectuality in fin-de-siècle America, was an act of portrayal at a time when artists then, like intellectuals today, composed in an environment characterized by rapid technological... Read more>>

William M.P. Klein and Peter R. Harris We explored whether self-affirmation enhances attentional bias toward threatening elements of a persuasive message. Female alcohol consumers read an article linking alcohol to *** cancer and were then exposed supraliminally... Read more>>

By Kai Kresse This article investigates ‘wisdom’ from an ethnographic perspective that pays attention to the ways in which knowledge is performed, appreciated, negotiated and questioned in everyday life in Mombasa, on the Swahili coast. It discusses the... Read more>>

By Wesley J. Wildman Brains are amazing organs in all creatures with central nervous systems and especially in human beings. But they are not perfect. Without forgetting the larger success story of cognitive evolution, I want to explore the way that cognitive... Read more>>

By Christopher J. Thompson To behold the heavens and gaze upon the infinite expanse of a star-studded sky, indeed to ponder any vista of creation's splendor is to be drawn not merely into the mystery of creation, the intricacies of cause and effect;... Read more>>

Joaquín M. Fuster Converging evidence from humans and nonhuman primates is obliging us to abandon conventional models in favor of a radically different, distributed-network paradigm of cortical memory. Central to the new paradigm is the concept of memory... Read more>>

by Michael C. Mozer, Harold Pashler and Hadjar Homaei Griffiths and Tenenbaum (2006) asked individuals to make predictions about the duration or extent of everyday events (e.g., cake baking times), and reported that predictions were optimal, employing... Read more>>

by Stephan Lewandowsky, Thomas L. Griffiths, Michael L. Kalish Determining the knowledge that guides human judgments is fundamental to understanding how people reason, make decisions, and form predictions. We use an experimental procedure called ‘‘iterated... Read more>>

by Jeremy Taylor "Renowned dream expert Jeremy Taylor can help you discover how the hidden messages in your dreams can change your life. In The Wisdom of Your Dreams: Using Dreams to Tap Into Your Unconscious and Transform Your Life, Taylor shows... Read more>>

By Tarmo Toom This study compares Augustine's remarks on language acquisition in the Confessions with those of Stoics, Epicureans, and Pyrrhonists and assesses the similarities and differences of the respective accounts. It studies a specific issue... Read more>>

Igor Ryabov The academic achievement of immigrant children has been a focus of social research for decades. Yet little attention has been paid to peer social capital and its importance as a school context factor for the academic success of immigrant youths... Read more>>

Kathleen Gerson Sociology's enduring concern with explaining the links between individual and social change has never been more relevant. We are poised at a moment when changing lives are colliding with resistant institutions. These tensions have... Read more>>

Michael T. Wojnowicz, Melissa J. Ferguson, Rick Dale, Michael J. Spivey How do minds produce explicit attitudes over several hundred milliseconds? Speeded evaluative measures have revealed implicit biases beyond cognitive control and subjective awareness... Read more>>

Patrick F. Parnaby Borrowing from Bourdieu’s theory of practice, specifically, the relationship between forms of capital and discourse on the one hand and the nature of symbolic domination on the other (see Bourdieu 1998; 1991), this paper seeks to answer... Read more>>

Jeff Noonan Human life is finite. Given that lifetime is necessarily limited, the experience of time in any given society is a central ethical problem. If all or most of human lifetime is consumed by routine tasks (or resting for the resumption of routine... Read more>>

Carla Bagnoli This article argues that immoralists do not fully enjoy autonomous agency because they are not capable of engaging in the proper form of practical reflection, which requires relating to others as having equal standing. An adequate diagnosis... Read more>>

Felipe De Brigard, Eric Mandelbaum, David Ripley Some theorists think that the more we get to know about the neural underpinnings of our behaviors, the less likely we will be to hold people responsible for their actions. This intuition has driven some... Read more>>

Emilio J. Castillo Science and scientific production have been widely promoted as powerful tools for advancing national economic and social development. While much progress has been made in determining whether this is the case, less understood are the... Read more>>

Matthew S. Wood, J. Michael Pearson This article develops a theoretical model that suggests that differential levels of uncertainty, knowledge relatedness, and richness of information will have a substantial impact on the decision to engage in entrepreneurship... Read more>>

Miriam Brandt, Ellen van Wilgenburg, Robert Sulc, Kenneth J Shea and Neil D Tsutsui (wisdom grantee) Background Ants form highly social and cooperative colonies that compete, and often fight, against other such colonies, both intra- and interspecifically... Read more>>

by Andrew Healy This paper presents experimental evidence about how effectively individuals learn from information coming from heterogeneous sources. In the experiment, Thai subjects observed information that came from Americans and from other Thais that... Read more>>

Giorgio Ganis and Julian Paul Keenan William Hazlitt (1778-1830), a British writer, once asserted that, “life is the art of being deceived.” Human social relations are so steeped in deception that it is impossible to imagine life without it. From great... Read more>>

Laura Menenti , Karl Magnus Petersson, René Scheeringa , and Peter Hagoort Both local discourse and world knowledge are known to influence sentence processing. We investigated how these two sources of information conspire in language comprehension. Two... Read more>>

Arie W. Kruglanski and Edward Orehek We analyze two conceptions of rationality featured in the social science literature, rationality as a means-ends relation and rationality as logical consistency . The former concerns the rationality of actions ; it... Read more>>

Ralph Hertwig and Stefan M. Herzog Homo economicus cannot help but be puzzled by people's baffling array of social behaviors that conflict with economic theory. To accommodate these “deviant” behaviors within the standard view of rationality, defined... Read more>>

Klaus Fiedler and Michaela Wänke The entire discipline of social cognition has been greatly influenced by the heuristics-and-biases research program, which was traditionally based on an internal attribution of bounded rationality to the individual's... Read more>>

Martie G. Haselton , Gregory A. Bryant , Andreas Wilke , David A. Frederick , Andrew Galperin , Willem E. Frankenhuis , Tyler Moore A casual look at the literature in social cognition reveals a vast collection of biases, errors, violations of rational... Read more>>

Giovanni Frazzetto & Suzanne Anker Neuroscience addresses questions that, if resolved, will reveal aspects of our individuality. Therefore neuroscientific knowledge is not solely constrained within laboratories, but readily captures the attention... Read more>>

by Eric Luis Uhlmann, David A. Pizarro, David Tannenbaum and Peter H. Ditto Five studies demonstrated that people selectively use general moral principles to rationalize preferred moral conclusions. In Studies 1a and 1b, college students and community... Read more>>

By: Monique M. H. Pollman and Catrin Finkenauer Understanding is at the heart of intimate relationships. It is unclear, however, whether understanding—partners’ subjective feeling that they understand each other—or knowledge—partners’ accurate knowledge... Read more>>

By Yukiko Uchida, Sarah S. M. Townsend, Hazel Rose Markus, and Hilary B. Bergsieker Four studies using open-ended and experimental methods test the hypothesis that in Japanese contexts, emotions are understood as between people, whereas in American contexts... Read more>>

By Samir Okasha In models of multi-level selection, the property of Darwinian fitness is attributed to entities at more than one level of the biological hierarchy, e.g. individuals and groups. However, the relation between individual and group fitness... Read more>>

A review of Michael Ruse's book by Matt Gers. The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Biology covers a broad range of topics in this field. It is not just a textbook focusing on evolutionary theory but encompasses ethics, social science and behaviour... Read more>>

Francesca Grippa and Peter A. Gloor We measured interpersonal perception accuracy by focusing on the relationship between actors’ centrality and their ability to accurately report their social interactions. We used the network measures of actors’ betweenness... Read more>>

Sondra Gonzalez-Bailon Links play a twofold role on the web: they open the channels through which users access information, and they determine the centrality of sites and their visibility. This paper adds two factors to the analysis of links that aim... Read more>>

Mei-Chuan Wang, Sharon G. Horne, Heidi M. Levitt, Lisa M. Klesges The study examined Christian women's religious beliefs and practices in relationship to their intimate partner violence (IPV) relationships. The religious variables included religious... Read more>>

by Jeffrey Dean Webster Abstract : The current project investigates wisdom and positive psychosocial characteristics in young adults in a series of three overlapping studies. Study 1 ( N = 61) investigated wisdom and ego-integrity, values, and life attitudes... Read more>>

by Joachim Gross and Markus Ploner Recent non-invasive studies in humans provide new insights into the timing of perceptual decision making and show that integrated sensory evidence is represented in motor areas well before a behavioral response. Read... Read more>>

by Alex H. Taylor and Russell D. Gray A new study shows that rooks are able to spontaneously drop stones into a tube of water to obtain a floating worm. This sophisticated problem solving raises intriguing questions about the use of imagination in animals... Read more>>

by Wade Davis "Over the past decade, many of us have been alarmed to learn of the rapidly accelerating extinction of our planet's diverse flora and fauna. But how many of us know that our human cultural diversity is also going extinct at a shocking... Read more>>

"In making decisions, when should we go with our gut and when should we try to analyze every option? When should we use our intuition and when should we rely on logic and statistics? Most of us would probably agree that for important decisions, we... Read more>>

Camille Roth, Jean-Philippe Cointet Socio-semantic networks involve agents creating and processing information: communities of scientists, software developers, wiki contributors and webloggers are, among others, examples of such knowledge networks. We... Read more>>

Dustin P. Calvillo and Alan Penaloza The deliberation-without-attention effect occurs when better decisions are made when people experience a period of distraction before a decision than when they make decisions immediately or when they spend time reflecting... Read more>>

Ap Dijksterhuis , Maarten W. Bos , Andries van der Leij , and Rick B. van Baaren In two experiments, we investigated the effects of expertise and mode of thought on the accuracy of people's predictions. Both experts and nonexperts predicted the results... Read more>>

Karim S. Kassam , Katrina Koslov , Wendy Berry Mendes People frequently make decisions under stress. Understanding how stress affects decision making is complicated by the fact that not all stress responses are created equal. Challenge states, for example... Read more>>

Jennifer Tolleson In contrast to its revolutionary beginnings, the psychoanalytic discourse has abandoned its potential as a critical, dissident force in contemporary life. It is imperative, in our efforts to engage in socially responsible clinical practice... Read more>>

By Konrad Banicki. The main purpose of this article is to undertake a conceptual investigation of the Berlin Wisdom Paradigm: a psychological project initiated by Paul Baltes and intended to study the complex phenomenon of wisdom. Firstly, in order to... Read more>>

by Marshall Abrams Abstract: It’s recently been argued that biological fitness can’t change over the course of an organism’s life as a result of organisms’ behaviors. However, some characterizations of biological function and biological altruism tacitly... Read more>>

Dean Keith Simonton Prior research supports the inference that scientific disciplines can be ordered into a hierarchy ranging from the "hard" natural sciences to the "soft" social sciences. This ordering corresponds with such objective... Read more>>

Anne Mesny This paper attempts to clarify or to reposition some of the controversies generated by Burawoy’s defense of public sociology and by his vision of the mutually stimulating relationship between the different forms of sociology. Before arguing... Read more>>

Erik Bijleveld, Ruud Custers, and Henk Aarts No abstract available. Read the article . Read more>>

Paul D. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, Jason P. Rose and Zlatan Krizan Does desire for an outcome inflate optimism? Previous experiments have produced mixed results regarding the desirability bias , with the bulk of supportive findings coming from one paradigm... Read more>>

By Joshua A. Weller; Irwin P. Levin; Baba Shiv; Antoine Bechara Several lines of functional neuroimaging studies have attributed a role for the insula, a critical component of the brain's emotional circuitry, in risky decision-making. However, very... Read more>>

By Grégoire Mallard, Michèle Lamont, Joshua Guetzkow Epistemological differences fuel continuous and frequently divisive debates in the social sciences and the humanities. Sociologists have yet to consider how such differences affect peer evaluation.... Read more>>

By Pollmann, Monique; Finkenauer, Catrin When making affective forecasts, people commit the impact bias. They overestimate the impact an emotional event has on their affective experience. In three studies we show that people also commit the impact bias... Read more>>

By Marianne van Woerkom and Karin Sanders | Journal of Business and Psychology ' Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of disagreement and cohesiveness on knowledge sharing in teams, and on the performance of individual team... Read more>>

By Gail F. Latta Change resides at the heart of leadership. Organizational culture is one of many situational variables that have emerged as pivotal in determining the success of leaders' efforts to implement change initiatives. This article introduces... Read more>>

By Claudia Blöser, Aron Schöpf and Marcus Willaschek The aim of this paper is to suggest that a necessary condition of autonomy has not been sufficiently recognized in the literature: the capacity to critically reflect on one’s practical attitudes (desires... Read more>>

By Adrian Furnham In all, 187 participants completed a new, self-report measure of eight multiple intelligences (Haselbauer 2005), a General Knowledge test (Irwing et al. Personality and Individual Differences 30:857–871, 2001), a measure of Approaches... Read more>>

Ellen Peters, Nathan F. Dieckmann, Daniel Västfjäll, C. K. Mertz, Paul Slovic, Judith H. Hibbard Decision makers are often quite poor at using numeric information in decisions. The results of 4 experiments demonstrate that a manipulation of evaluative... Read more>>

By Helen Yitah This study is an attempt to document and critically explore what I term the "proverbial revolt" of Kasena women from northern Ghana. The women take advantage of a socially sanctioned medium, the joking relationship that exists... Read more>>

By P. J. Henry and David O Sears 'The conventional wisdom is that racial prejudice remains largely stable through adulthood. However, very little is known about the development of contemporary racial attitudes like symbolic racism. The growing crystallization... Read more>>

By Joshua D. Greene, et al. (Joshua Green is a wisdom grantee). In some cases people judge it morally acceptable to sacrifice one person’s life in order to save several other lives, while in other similar cases they make the opposite judgment. Researchers... Read more>>

By Ryan P. Hanley, a wisdom grantee. The Scottish Enlightenment is commonly identified as the birthplace of modern social science. But while Scottish and contemporary social science share a commitment to empiricism, contemporary insistence on the separation... Read more>>

By Kristin D. Neff The idea that people need high self-esteem in order to be psychologically healthy is almost a truism in Western developmental psychology. Parents are told that one of their most important tasks is to nurture their children’s self-esteem... Read more>>

By M. FRANZ & C. L. NUNN "Culture is widely thought to be beneficial when social learning is less costly than individual learning and thus may explain the enormous ecological success of humans. Rogers (1988. Does biology constrain culture. Am... Read more>>

By R. I. M. Dunbar "The social brain hypothesis was proposed as an explanation for the fact that primates have unusually large brains for body size compared to all other vertebrates: Primates evolved large brains to manage their unusually complex... Read more>>

In 3 studies, participants made choices between hypothetical financial, environmental, and health gains and losses that took effect either immediately or with a delay of 1 or 10 years. In all 3 domains, choices indicated that gains were discounted more... Read more>>

By Robin Dunbar. "Just what makes the difference between apes (and especially chimpanzees) and humans has remained one of the perennial questions that has bedeviled much of the debate in comparative psychology, as well as primatology and anthropology... Read more>>

By Angela M. Brant and et al. "The genetic and environmental trends in IQ development were assessed in 483 same-sex twin pairs in the Colorado longitudinal twin study using maximum-likelihood model-fitting analysis. The twins were assessed periodically... Read more>>

By Ann Gleig "This edited collection provides a useful and clear overview of the increasing adoption of mindfulness practice by psychotherapeutic and medical communities. Defining mindfulness as the "awareness of present experience with acceptance... Read more>>

By Terry Regier and Paul Kay "The Whorf hypothesis holds that we view the world filtered through the semantic categories of our native language. Over the years, consensus has oscillated between embrace and dismissal of this hypothesis. Here, we review... Read more>>

By Amos Yong | Religious Studies Review "This volume extends the conversation opened up by the series of volumes produced by the jointly sponsored Vatican Observatory and the Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences (Berkeley, CA) ventures and... Read more>>

George I. Christopoulos, Philippe N. Tobler, Peter Bossaerts, Raymond J. Dolan, and Wolfram Schultz Decision making under risk is central to human behavior. Economic decision theory suggests that value, risk, and risk aversion influence choice behavior... Read more>>

William Hart, Dolores Albarracín, Alice H. Eagly, Inge Brechan, Matthew J. Lindberg, Lisa Merrill A meta-analysis assessed whether exposure to information is guided by defense or accuracy motives. The studies examined information preferences in relation... Read more>>

Marcia K. Johnson , Susan Nolen-Hoeksema , Karen J. Mitchell and Yael Levin Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated neural activity associated with self-reflection in depressed [current major depressive episode (MDE)] and healthy... Read more>>

Karoline Strauss , Mark A. Griffin and Alannah E. Rafferty Employees' proactive behaviour is increasingly important for organizations seeking to adapt in uncertain economic environments. This study examined the link between leadership and proactive... Read more>>

The fact that we ought to prefer what is comparatively more likely to be good, I argue, does, contrary to consequentialism, not rest on any evaluative facts. It is, in this sense, a deontological requirement. As such it is the basis of our valuing those... Read more>>

"Monkeys like to know the size of rewards coming their way, and, in the brain, this desire is signalled by the same dopamine neurons that signal primitive rewards like sex and food. Ethan Bromberg-Martin and Okihide Hikosaka of the National Eye Institute... Read more>>

In this article, I argue that if we challenge some tacit assumptions of narrow rationality that endure in much of entrepreneurial studies, we can elevate entrepreneurial ethics beyond mere external constraints on rational action, and move toward fuller... Read more>>

By Howard C. Nusbaum, et al. "The human brain demonstrates complex yet systematic patterns of neural activity at rest. We examined whether functional connectivity among those brain regions typically active during rest depends on ongoing and recent... Read more>>

Cokely, E.T., & Feltz, A. When the side effect of an action involves moral considerations (e.g. when a chairman’s pursuit of profits harms the environment) it tends to influence theory-of-mind judgments. On average, bad side effects are judged intentional... Read more>>

Straubinger, N., Cokely, E.T., & Stevens, J.R. According to Aristotle, humans are the rational animal. The borderline between rationality and irrationality is fundamental to many aspects of human life including the law, mental health, and language... Read more>>

This essay is an attempt to explore the ontology of context by elucidating its uses in the production of new knowledges out of the old. It is argued that some of the master concepts in anthropological discourse, to wit nature, culture, society and the... Read more>>

Karola Stotz Recent years have seen the development of an approach both to general philosophy and philosophy of science often referred to as ‘experimental philosophy’ or just ‘X-Phi’. Philosophers often make or presuppose empirical claims about how people... Read more>>

Pieter J. Beers and Pieter W.G. Bots Constructing interdisciplinary knowledge is particularly difficult because scientific knowledge is situated in its discipline. Researchers must find common ground to share, and this causes high transaction costs. This... Read more>>

Nigel E. Raine A recent study has found that butterflies maintain behavioural plasticity useful to them in rare environments by reducing associated costs in common environments. Butterflies use innate sensory biases to locate common green hosts, but learn... Read more>>

Justin L. Vincent A recent study shows that brain activity recorded while the human subject is at ‘rest’ is significantly affected by a prior learning episode. These results suggest that understanding resting brain activity may be critical to understanding... Read more>>

The Evolutionary Origins of Mutual Understanding, by Sarah Blaffer Hrdy Somewhere in Africa, more than a million years ago, a line of apes began to rear their young differently than their Great Ape ancestors. From this new form of care came new ways of... Read more>>

William E. Stempsey This article is an introduction to a special issue of Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics on clinical reasoning. Clinical reasoning encompasses the gamut of thinking about clinical medical practice-the evaluation and management of patients'... Read more>>

Exploring informal components of clinical reasoning, we argue that they need to be understood via the analysis of professional wisdom. Wise decisions are needed where action or insight is vital, but neither everyday nor expert knowledge provides solutions... Read more>>

After witnessing the trial of Adolf Eichmann, Hannah Arendt was particularly astonished not by the criminal's horrific deeds during the Holocaust but by his thoughtlessness. Thoughtlessness is not stupidity but the inability or failure to think from... Read more>>

Christopher Suhler and Patricia Churchland "In the target article discussion of the Changing Ethical Norms category, Kon (2009) rightly highlights the contributions psychological research can make to bioethics. In this commentary, we suggest that... Read more>>

Jonathan M. Weinberg and Stephen Crowley Experimental philosophy is often regarded as a category mistake. Even those who reject that view typically see it as irrelevant to standard philosophical projects. We argue that neither of these claims can be sustained... Read more>>

Emmanuel M. Pothos and Jerome R. Busemeyer Two experimental tasks in psychology, the two-stage gambling game and the Prisoner's Dilemma game, show that people violate the sure thing principle of decision theory. These paradoxical findings have resisted... Read more>>

"In this groundbreaking look at the evolution of our brains, eminent neuroscientists Gary Lynch and Richard Granger uncover the mysteries of the outsize intelligence of our ancestors, who had bigger brains than humans living today. Weaving together... Read more>>

J oanna S wann " This paper draws on the philosophy of Karl Popper to present a descriptive evolutionary epistemology that offers philosophical solutions to the following related problems: 'What happens when learning takes place?' and 'What... Read more>>

D avid C arr & D on S kinner "Perhaps the most pressing issue concerning teacher education and training since the end of the Second World War has been that of the role of theory—or principled reflection—in professional expertise. Here, although... Read more>>

Steven R. Quartz Many models of judgment and decision-making posit distinct cognitive and emotional contributions to decision-making under uncertainty. Cognitive processes typically involve exact computations according to a cost-benefit calculus, whereas... Read more>>

Adam Feltz and Edward T. Cokely "Recently, there has been an increased interest in folk intuitions about freedom and moral responsibility from both philosophers and psychologists. We aim to extend our understanding of folk intuitions about freedom... Read more>>

Neeru Paharia, Karim S. Kassam, Joshua D. Greene and Max H. Bazerman When powerful people cause harm, they often do so indirectly through other people. Are harmful actions carried out through others evaluated less negatively than harmful actions carried... Read more>>

by Jeffrey A. Greene and Scott C. Brown Researchers are gaining an interest in the concept of wisdom, a more holistic yet often ineffable educational outcome. Models of wisdom abound, but few have rigorously tested measures. This study looks at Brown... Read more>>

Feltz, A., Cokely, E.T., Nadelhoffer, T. In the free will literature, some compatibilists and some incompatibilists claim that their views best capture ordinary intuitions concerning free will and moral responsibility. One goal of researchers working... Read more>>

David F. Ford The origins of scriptural reasoning, in which Jews, Christians and Muslims study their scriptures in conversation with each other, are described. Some maxims implicit in its form of Abrahamic collegiality are distilled (including the emphasis... Read more>>

The macromarketing system is largely the function of many micromarketing decisions made each day. But this connection has not been probed thoroughly in the macromarketing literature, and there is a need for conceptual frameworks that can successfully... Read more>>

Liviu G. Cri an, Simona Pan , Romana Vulturar, Renata M. Heilman, Raluca Szekely,Bogdan Drug and Andrei C. Miu Serotonin (5-HT) modulates emotional and cognitive functions such as fear conditioning (FC) and decision making. This study investigated the... Read more>>

Arwen B. Long, Cynthia M. Kuhn and Michael L. Platt Some people love taking risks, while others avoid gambles at all costs. The neural mechanisms underlying individual variation in preference for risky or certain outcomes, however, remain poorly understood... Read more>>

A recent publication by one of our grantees and colleagues, Heidi Levitt. This article presents a grounded theory analysis of the experience of sustaining an abiding curiosity. Results emphasize how curiosity became inherently motivating and pleasurable... Read more>>

Co-authored by one of our grantees, Eddy Nahmias. "In this paper, we examine Adam Feltz and Edward Cokely’s recent claim that “the personality trait extraversion predicts people’s intuitions about the relationship of determinism to free will and... Read more>>

by Ellen J. Langer "If we could turn back the clock psychologically, could we also turn it back physically? For more than thirty years, award-winning social psychologist Ellen Langer has studied this provocative question, and now, in Counterclockwise... Read more>>

Excerpt: " Transhumanism is the view that humans should be permitted to use technology in order to re-make human nature, offered as the next stage in human evolution. It differs from posthumanism in as much as posthumanity is largely concerned with... Read more>>

Jason A. Clark In the last 10 years, several authors including Griffiths and Matthen have employed classificatory principles from biology to argue for a radical revision in the way that we individuate psychological traits. Arguing that the fundamental... Read more>>

James A.R. Marshall and Nigel R. Franks "What is cognition? We favour the following definition of cognition: “cognition [is] the ability to use internal representations of information acquired in separate events, and to combine these to generate... Read more>>

Parashkev Nachev, Yee-Haur Mah and Masud Husain A new study mapping the functional effects of brain lesions has revealed a surprising map of human intelligence, stimulating a re-evaluation of data from purely correlative methods such as functional magnetic... Read more>>

Ellouise Leadbeater The recent finding that female Drosophila copy the mate-choice criteria of other females introduces a mainstream model species to the study of how animals use social information. Read the article. Read more>>

Johan J. Bolhuis & Clive D. L. Wynne "Biologists have tended to assume that closely related species will have similar cognitive abilities. Johan J. Bolhuis and Clive D. L. Wynne put this evolutionarily inspired idea through its paces. Darwin's... Read more>>

Martin Heisenberg Scientists and philosophers are using new discoveries in neuroscience to question the idea of free will. They are misguided, says Martin Heisenberg. Examining animal behaviour shows how our actions can be free... Read the essay. Read more>>

Konrad R. Fialkowski "In their paper, “Archaic Human Admixture,” Garrigan and Kingan ( 2007 ) wrote, In contrast to Xp21 and RRM2P4 examples, in which the putatively introgressed archaic lineages were found at relatively low frequencies, the MCPH1... Read more>>

Sarah K. Paul In “Practical Knowledge,” Kieran Setiya argues for the thesis that “forming an intention is forming a belief about what one is doing, or what one is going to do.” He then takes up what appears to be a curious consequence of this thesis:... Read more>>

The planning theory of intention and of our agency highlights the fundamental coordinating and organizing roles of structures of planning in the temporally extended and social practical thought and action of agents like us. Intentions are elements of... Read more>>

By Seana Moran, a wisdom grantee. "Commitment involves how a person invests resources in a work role over long periods of time. Creativity is a novel, appropriate variation that is embraced by a field of gatekeepers and transforms the symbolic domain... Read more>>

By Sharon Rich, John McLaughlin Educators must adapt the institutions in which they work to ensure students' wisdom is developed. They should recognize and articulate the current educational context, broaden their perspective of education , be prepared... Read more>>

Perspective on wisdom, holism, and epistemics, a term used to describe the systematic study of subjective knowledge. This article is a commentary on the Neurobiology of Wisdom article in the same issue and journal. by James C. Harris, M.D. There is in... Read more>>

Thomas W. Meeks, MD; Dilip V. Jeste, MD Context Wisdom is a unique psychological trait noted since antiquity, long discussed in humanities disciplines, recently operationalized by psychology and sociology researchers, but largely unexamined in psychiatry... Read more>>

Abstract: The optimal responses for many decisions faced by humans are ill defined, yet we are able to choose well by associating choices with outcomes, and employing this information in decision making.Previous studies suggest that the parietal cortex... Read more>>

Widdershoven, G (Widdershoven, Guy), Abma, T (Abma, Tineke), Molewijk, B (Molewijk, Bert) Abstract: In this article, we present a dialogical approach to empirical ethics, based upon hermeneutic ethics and responsive evaluation. Hermeneutic ethics regards... Read more>>

by van Thiel, G. J. M. W., van Delden, J. J. M. Abstract: A recurrent issue in the vast amount of literature on reasoning models in ethics is the role and nature of moral intuitions. In this paper, we start from the view that people who work and live... Read more>>

Sandra Schmidt Bunkers, RN; PhD; FAAN Abstract: In this column questions concerning wisdom are addressed, such as, what is wisdom? Can wisdom be taught in the academy? Several perspectives on wisdom from philosophy, education, business, and psychology... Read more>>

Marguerite J. Purnell, RN; PhD Abstract: Light is the metaphor for wisdom; we seek and turn toward light as we seek and reach for wisdom, personally and professionally. The purpose of human life is, as Jung noted, kindling the light of meaning to illuminate... Read more>>

McKenna, Bernard, Rooney, David, Boal, Kimberley B " Abstract : This article responds to calls in the management and leadership literature to articulate a role for wisdom. While many talk about the role of wisdom, few people have attempted to articulate... Read more>>

by Martin Frické Abstract : The paper evaluates the data-information-knowledge-wisdom (DIKW) hierarchy. This hierarchy, also known as the 'knowledge hierarchy', is part of the canon of information science and management. Arguments are offered... Read more>>

David Rooney, Bernard McKenna Abstract: Important aspects of knowledge that are underresearched include links between knowledge, wisdom and leadership. This represents a research lacuna, which, if addressed, can help leaders develop knowledge-based strategies... Read more>>

EMIL VIŠŇOVSKÝ "From among the many philosophies that have ever existed, the best versions may be considered the philosophies that exert their effect on human conduct. Philosophy for the sake of philosophy itself may be edifying and sublime, like... Read more>>

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Abstract: Planning for a future, rather than a current, mental state is a cognitive process generally viewed as uniquely human. Here, however, I shall report on a decade of observations of spontaneous planning by a male chimpanzee in a zoo. The planning... Read more>>

by Leemon McHenry (Ed.) "Nicholas Maxwell's provocative and highly-original philosophy of science urges a revolution in academic inquiry affecting all branches of learning, so that the single-minded pursuit of knowledge is replaced with the aim... Read more>>

A recently published review of J.L. Schellenberg's 2007 "The Wisdom to Doubt: A Justification of Religious Skepticism," Cornell University Press, 2007 by Jack Macintosh. Read the review Read more>>

Abstract: This article reports exploratory research on the meanings associated with the concept of wisdom by two groups of intending information professionals. Concern for the limited success of knowledge management initiatives and the complexity and... Read more>>

"Organizational justice research traditionally focuses on the unique predictability of different types of justice (distributive, procedural, and interactional) and the relative importance of these types of justice on outcome variables. Recently,... Read more>>

Our theoretical understanding of individual differences can be used as a tool to test and refine theory. Individual differences are useful because judgments, including philosophically relevant intuitions, are the predictable products of the fit between... Read more>>

"Michael S. Gazzaniga, a pioneer and world leader in cognitive neuroscience, has made an initial attempt to develop neuroethics into a brain-based philosophy of life that he hopes will replace the irrational religious and political belief-systems... Read more>>

Daniel Ochieng Orwenjo In Africa, the transmission of the overwhelming complexity of the people's day-to-day experiences are deeply rooted in the continent's rich cultural artistry. Proverbs are the most widely and commonly used in the continent's... Read more>>

Abstract: Human cognition requires coping with a complex and uncertain world. This suggests that dealing with uncertainty may be the central challenge for human reasoning. In Bayesian Rationality we argue that probability theory, the calculus of uncertainty... Read more>>

Elizabeth Ann Smythe, Tony MacCulloch, Richard Charmley The lived experience of professional supervision is complex and dynamic. Techne, the knowledge that informs the 'know-how' of practice, offers guidance. Phronesis, the dynamic wisdom that... Read more>>

Herzog, Stefan M., Hertwig, Ralph The “wisdom of crowds” in making judgments about the future or other unknown events is well established. The average quantitative estimate of a group of individuals is consistently more accurate than the typical estimate... Read more>>

Timothy J. Lukes and Mary F. Scudder We suggest that Book Five of the Republic , where Plato discusses the status of women in the guardian class, is a superb source of Platonic insight. For it is precisely the discussion of women that is most vulnerable... Read more>>

"The human brain is a magnificent instrument that has evolved over thousands of years to enable us to prosper in an impressive range of conditions. But it is wired to avoid complexity (not embrace it) and to respond quickly to ensure survival (not... Read more>>

Michael Bonnett Considerations arising in the context of burgeoning concerns about the environment can provoke an exploration of issues that have significance both for environmental education in particular and education more generally. Notions of the... Read more>>

"Everyday inductive inferences are often guided by rich background knowledge. Formal models of induction should aim to incorporate this knowledge and should explain how different kinds of knowledge lead to the distinctive patterns of reasoning found... Read more>>

by Håkan Tell Plato constantly accuses the sophists of teaching for money.1 For example, in the Hippias Maior (282c–d), Sokrates elaborates a distinction between the wise men of old, who did not think it right to charge fees, and the sophists of his own... Read more>>

The Senate Electoral Cycle and Bicameral Appropriations Politics Kenneth A. Shepsle 1 Robert P. Van Houweling 2 Samuel J. Abrams 3 Peter C. Hanson 4 We consider the consequences of the Senate electoral cycle and bicameralism for distributive politics... Read more>>

Philippe N. Tobler Emerging evidence suggests that the long-established distinction between habit-based and goal-directed decision-making mechanisms can also be sustained in humans. Although the habit-based system has been extensively studied in humans... Read more>>

Kim Samudra Jaida Anthropologists studying dance, sports, or other kinesthetic cultures may face the difficulty of rendering into analytic discourse those bodily practices consultants do not express verbally. Through thick participation, we may use our... Read more>>

Michel Ferrari and Georges Potworowski, eds. Wisdom is valued as an ideal aim of personal development around the world. But we rarely see how wisdom is understood in different religious and philosophical traditions and different scientific disciplines... Read more>>

by Defining Wisdom grantee Ute Kunzmann In cross-sectional and longitudinal samples from the Berlin Aging Study, fellow researchers and I examined performance-based and self-evaluative indicators of functioning in two realms as predictors of individual... Read more>>

Abstract: Wisdom has intrigued both scholars and laypersons since antiquity. On the one hand, its seemingly ethereal yet obvious qualities are timeless and universal. On the other hand, these same qualities are evolving and responsive to historical and... Read more>>

by Dilip V. Jeste, M.D. and Ipsit V. Vahia, M.D. Abstract: The study of wisdom has recently become a subject of growing scientific interest, although the concept of wisdom is ancient. This article focuses on conceptualization of wisdom in the Bhagavad... Read more>>

" Michael S. Gazzaniga, a pioneer and world leader in cognitive neuroscience, has made an initial attempt to develop neuroethics into a brain-based philosophy of life that he hopes will replace the irrational religious and political belief-systems... Read more>>

Abstract: For more than two decades political scientists have discussed rising elite polarization in the United States, but the study of mass polarization did not receive comparable attention until fairly recently. This article surveys the literature... Read more>>

Abstract: Traditional theories of moral development emphasize the role of controlled cognition in mature moral judgment, while a more recent trend emphasizes intuitive and emotional processes. Here we test a dual-process theory synthesizing these perspectives... Read more>>

Abstract: When people selectively forget feedback that threatens the self ( mnemic neglect ), are those memories permanently lost or potentially recoverable? In two experiments, participants processed feedback pertaining either to themselves or to another... Read more>>

Abstract: Current data structures for searching large string collections either fail to achieve minimum space or cause too many cache misses. In this paper we discuss some edge linearizations of the classic trie data structure that are simultaneously... Read more>>

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" Established wisdom in cognitive science holds that the everyday folk psychological abilities of humans—our capacity to understand intentional actions performed for reasons—are inherited from our evolutionary forebears. In Folk Psychological Narratives... Read more>>

Abstract: Rousseau is famous as an advocate of the politics of "denaturing." But attention to his conception of the "science of the legislator," as developed in the Geneva Manuscript and his writings on Poland and Corsica, reveals... Read more>>

Abstract: We propose that social psychological findings on the intuitive bases of moral judgment have broad implications for moral education. The “five foundations theory of intuitive ethics” is applied to explain a longstanding rift in moral education... Read more>>

Available online: http://www.secularhumanism.org/index.php?section=library&page=bupp_28_3 Read more>>

"The Catholic University of America Press is pleased to announce publication of Understanding Our Being: Introduction to Speculative Philosophy in the Perennial Tradition by John W. Carlson. In the encyclical Fides et ratio, Pope John Paul II called... Read more>>

Assessments of science are important for many different reasons. For individuals early in their careers, metrics of scientific work can provide valuable feedback about where they stand and the progress they have made. For faculty seeking to hire another... Read more>>

Valerie Tiberius is a Defining Wisdom RFP grant recipient. Her project, in addition to her new book, is about the psychological bases of reflective wisdom. What can we do to live life wisely? You might think that the answer would be to think and reflect... Read more>>

Abstract: Formulating the problem of compound lotteries, which marks the origination of expected utility theory (EUT), has generated a stream of formal work in the field of economics decision making. Where subjective EUT determines the rational choice... Read more>>

In this article, we analyzed the information processing that underlies nonconscious impression formation. In the first experiment (Experiment 1), the nonconscious activation of the impression formation goal led to a faster analysis of the trait implications... Read more>>

Individuals with non-fluent aphasia have difficulty producing syntactically laden words, such as function words, whereas individuals with fluent aphasia often have difficulty producing semantically specific words. It is hypothesised that such dissociations... Read more>>

The adaptive toolbox is a Darwinian-inspired theory that conceives of the mind as a modular system that is composed of heuristics, their building blocks, and evolved capacities. The study of the adaptive toolbox is descriptive and analyzes the selection... Read more>>

Some actions are freer than others, and the difference is palpably important in terms of inner process, subjective perception, and social consequences. Psychology can study the difference between freer and less free actions without making dubious metaphysical... Read more>>

A founder of the Deep Ecology Movement, Arne Naess' has produced articles on environmentalism that have provided unmatched inspiration for ecologists, philosophers, and activists worldwide. This collection amasses a definitive group of Naess'... Read more>>

Scholars of various kinds long have documented the great degree to which people are influenced by similar others. Indeed, the opinions, experiences and behaviors of friends, neighbors and coworkers can provide an invaluable gold mine of persuasive resources... Read more>>

One of America's foremost political theorists explores the connections between our political and ethical convictions, changing forever the way we understand the notion of "sovereignty." Throughout the history of human intellectual endeavor... Read more>>

by Anna Craft (Editor), Howard Gardner (Editor), Guy Claxton (Editor) This book is oriented towards educators as trustees of the culture to aid development of creativity and wisdom. In this sense it is practice-oriented. This book came up during our Defining... Read more>>

by Patrick McKee The term “wise” applied to judgments is honorific, suggesting special epistemic achievement. That achievement consists in making a judgment on the basis of an aspect of inner experience I call “seeing through illusion.” I analyze the... Read more>>

The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is designed to measure the strength of mental association between each of a pair of target categories (e.g., Black vs. White) and each of a pair of attributes (e.g., negative vs. positive). Recent work on the mere acceptance... Read more>>

It seems that people—from philosophers to scientists to journalists to the ordinary “folk” we have surveyed—share the intuition that “if our brain makes us do it, then we aren’t morally responsible.” We think that this intuition runs deep and that it... Read more>>

by Nicholas Maxwell From Knowledge to Wisdom argues that there is an urgent need, for both intellectual and humanitarian reasons, to bring about a revolution in science and the humanities. The outcome would be a kind of academic inquiry rationally devoted... Read more>>

The Political Ideas of Leo Strauss, Updated Edition by Shadia B. Drury A book review of Drury's book suggests that the quest for wisdom was pivotal to Strauss' inquiry. Read more>>

For thirty years, Robert J. Sternberg has been among the most vocal critics of narrow conceptions of intelligence. In Wisdom, Intelligence, and Creativity Synthesized Sternberg critically reviews and summarizes the best research available on human intelligence... Read more>>

This book uses the story of an important intellectual family, the Exners, to shed light on the science, politics, intellectual thought, and culture of fin-de-siècle (end of century) Vienna. Coen focuses on the family’s value of uncertainty, contradicting... Read more>>

Leadership depends on the situation. Few social scientists would dispute the validity of this statement. But the statement can be interpreted in many different ways, depending, at least in part, on what one means by leadership. This article begins with... Read more>>

The agenda for theory and research in the field of leadership studies has evolved over the last 100 years from focuses on the internal dispositions associated with effective leaders to broader inquiries that include emphases on the cognitions, attributes... Read more>>

The author's research examined automatically activated attitudes toward desired end-states. Across 4 studies, participants' automatic attitudes toward goals (i.e., thinness, egalitarianism) significantly predicted their goal pursuit, including... Read more>>

This paper revisits the data-information-knowledge- wisdom (DIKW) hierarchy by examining the articulation of the hierarchy in a number of widely read textbooks, and analysing their statements about the nature of data, information, knowledge, and wisdom... Read more>>

Deane-Drummond argues that the theological traditions of natural law and wisdom offer helpful meeting points in discussions about evolutionary "purpose" and contingency in relation to theological purpose, and serve to form the basis for a theology... Read more>>

The trait-based perspective of leadership has a long but checkered history. Trait approaches dominated the initial decades of scientific leadership research. Later, they were disdained for their inability to offer clear distinctions between leaders and... Read more>>

This paper is about the evolution of hominin intelligence. I agree with defenders of the social intelligence hypothesis in thinking that externalist models of hominin intelligence are not plausible: such models cannot explain the unique cognition and... Read more>>

This paper explores the role the Panhellenic centers played in facilitating the circulation of wisdom in ancient Greece. It argues that there are substantial thematic overlaps among practitioners of wisdom (sigma omicron phi omicron l), who are typically... Read more>>

This article reviews a systems model of leadership. According to the model, effective leadership is a synthesis of wisdom, creativity, and intelligence (WICS). It is in large part a decision about how to marshal and deploy these resources. One needs creativity... Read more>>

Efforts to educate and develop future military officers aim to produce highly competent, ethical and effective leaders to serve the nation. But while there is general agreement about desired outcomes, the underlying developmental processes associated... Read more>>

This study examined variable and pattern approaches to studying the influence of individual differences on both leadership emergence and leader effectiveness. Emergent leaders were identified and then followed for 9 months of effectiveness data gathering... Read more>>

This study examined the psychosocial correlates and psychometric properties of the Self-Assessed Wisdom Scale (SAWS) (Webster, 2003 a). Seventy-three men and 98 women ranging in age from 17-92 years (Mean age = 42.77) completed an expanded, 40-item version... Read more>>

Despite recent scholarly interest in Monteverdi's Selva morale et spirituale (1641), many aspects of this large, complex print remain enigmatic, and the intended context for much of the music in the collection has long been a matter of pure conjecture... Read more>>

Ample empirical research on values has demonstrated that clients' values tend to become increasingly like those of their therapist during therapy. There is little research, however, on how therapists negotiate value conflicts and the role of values... Read more>>

Two intuitions lie at the heart of our conception of free will. One intuition locates free will in our ability to deliberate effectively and control our actions accordingly: the ‘Deliberation and Control’ (DC) condition. The other intuition is that free... Read more>>

Education policymakers often go astray when they attempt to integrate multiple intelligences theory into schools, according to the originator of the theory, Howard Gardner, and his colleagues. The greatest potential of a multiple intelligences approach... Read more>>

Nathan Bupp interviews Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi on humanistic wisdom. Available online: http://www.secularhumanism.org/index.php?page=bupp_26_6&section=library Read more>>

by Benedict M. Ashley Once thought to be the task of metaphysics, the synthesis of knowledge has been discounted by many philosophers today. Benedict Ashley, a leading Thomistic scholar, argues that it remains a valid and intellectually fruitful pursuit... Read more>>

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by Scott C. Brown and Jeffrey A. Greene In a previous study, a conceptual model of wisdom was created (Brown, 2004a) to better understand integrated learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to develop a scale to measure this wisdom construct. This... Read more>>

Clients who had completed psychotherapy were interviewed about the significant experiences and moments they recalled within their sessions. These interviews were analyzed using grounded theory, creating a hierarchy of categories that represent what clients... Read more>>

The author discusses the role of politics in human activities. She explores several views on politics. She looks at the political interpretations of notable political thinkers, such as Plato and Aristotle. She traces the historical origins of the denial... Read more>>

Autobiographies are particularly interesting in the context of moral philosophy because they offer us rare and extended examples of how other people think, feel and reflect, which is of crucial importance in the development of phronesis (practical wisdom... Read more>>

This review traces the development of the field of cultural primatology from its origins in Japan in the 1950s to the present. The field has experienced a number of theoretical and methodological influences from diverse fields, including comparative experimental... Read more>>

Contemporary debate suggests that religious belief defies 21st century science and knowledge. Yet in her new and thought-provoking book, Celia Deane-Drummond explores the twin themes of wonder and wisdom and examines their importance in tracing a spirituality... Read more>>